What is the primary action of the piriformis muscle?

The primary action of the piriformis muscle is to laterally rotate the hip. This muscle, located deep in the buttock, plays a crucial role in hip mechanics, especially when the hip is extended. When the hip is flexed, the piriformis also assists with abduction of the thigh, but its fundamental role is in lateral rotation.

Understanding the action of the piriformis is essential for sports massage therapists, as dysfunction in this muscle can lead to pain or issues such as sciatica, due to its proximity to the sciatic nerve. Recognizing these actions allows therapists to target specific problems and provide effective treatment strategies for athletes and individuals experiencing hip discomfort. Therefore, the lateral rotation function of the piriformis is a key component of hip joint movement, reinforcing the importance of this muscle in both athletic performance and rehabilitation.